The Legal Consideration of the Conditions Contained in the Articles of Association and Contract of Incorporation of Commercial Companies

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی ترویجی

نویسنده

Assistant Professor

چکیده

The legal consideration of the conditions contained in the articles of association and contracts of incorporation of commercial companies is a topic discussed in jurisprudence and law. Although the articles of association and contracts of incorporation include all the principles and controls governing the relationships between the company, its partners, and third parties, as well as the management and dissolution of the company, the status of the conditions contained therein remains unclear. This is due to the lack of comprehensive and comprehensive research on this topic. Therefore, the question of the legal consideration of the conditions contained in the articles of association and contracts of incorporation of commercial companies is a matter that requires in-depth exploration to arrive at an appropriate answer. This goal can be achieved by describing and analyzing jurisprudential and legal issues through the collection of desk data. The results show that—unlike what we find in civil law—commercial law does not have a chapter dedicated to discussing the conditions within the contract, and the articles of association and contracts of incorporation of commercial companies are silent on this matter. This article discusses the legal status of the articles of association and the articles of incorporation, analyzing the criteria that determine the validity of the conditions contained in these documents. The research also addresses topics such as the possibility of amending these conditions, the legal restrictions imposed on them, and the role of private contracts in regulating relations between partners. The research results demonstrate that although partners enjoy freedom in drafting the contents of the articles of association and the articles of incorporation, this freedom is not absolute, but rather is subject to mandatory legal rules and public order. Therefore, conditions that conflict with these rules are null and void.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مراجع

  1. A) Arabic Sources

    1. Al-Farahidi, Khalil ibn Ahmad; Kitab al-Ayn, Vol. 6, Qom, Dar al-Hujrah, 1405 AH.
    2. Al-Fayruzabadi, Muhammad ibn Ya'qub; Qasm al-Muhit, Vol. 2, Beirut, Lebanon, 1415 AH.
    3. Al-Gharawi, Ali; Al-Tanqih fi Sharh al-Makasib, Vol. 4, Imam al-Khoei Revival of the Works of Imam al-Khoei Foundation, 1383 AH.
    4. Al-Husayni al-Amili, Muhammad Jawad; Miftah al-Karamah fi Sharh Qawa'id al-Allamah, Qom, Aal al-Bayt Foundation, Beta.
    5. Al-Khoei, Muhammad Taqi; Conditions and Subordinate Obligations in Contracts, Qom, Minar Foundation, 1415 AH.
    6. Al-Khoei, Sayyid Abu al-Qasim; Mabanī al-'Urwah al-Wuthqa, Qom, Dar al-'Ilm School Publications, 1409 AH.
    7. Al-Khoei, Sayyid Abu al-Qasim; Misbah al-Fiqh, Qom, Ansariyan Foundation, Beta.
    8. Al-Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir; Pishin, Vol. 75, Qom, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1390.
    9. Al-Na'ini, Muhammad Husayn; Munyat al-Talib fi Sharh al-Makasib, Qom, Islamic Publishing Foundation, 1417 AH.
    10. Al-Najfi, Muhammad Hasan; Jawahir al-Kalam fi Sharh Shara'i' al-Islam, Beirut, Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi, 1404 AH.
    11. Al-Naraqi, Ahmad ibn Muhammad; A'wad al-Ayyam, Qom, Bustan Kitab Foundation, 1375 AH.
    12. Al-Raghib al-Isfahani, Husayn ibn Muhammad; Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Quran, Tehran, Sadiq Publications, 1387 AH.
    13. Al-Shahid al-Awwal, Muhammad ibn Jamal al-Din al-'Amili; Sharia Lessons in Imami Jurisprudence, Qom, Modaresin University, 1417 AH.
    14. Ansari, Murtaza; al-Makasib, Dar al-Kutub Publications Foundation, 1411 AH. Commentator: Sayyid Muhammad Kalantar.
    15. Ansari, Murtaza; Kitab al-Makasib, Tehran, Islamic Thought Academy, 1390 AH.
    16. Ansari, Shaykh Murtaza; Kitab al-Makasib, Tabriz, Ettela'at Tabriz, Sangi Press, 1375 AH.
    17. Hurr al-'Amili, Muhammad; Wasa'il al-Shi'a, Qom, Aal al-Bayt Foundation, 1409 AH.
    18. Ibn Manzur, Muhammad ibn Mukarram; Lisan al-Arab (The Arabic Language), Beirut, Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi (The Revival of Arab Heritage), 1408 AH.
    19. Ibn Zuhra, Hamza ibn Ali; Al-Nuzu' ila 'Ilmi al-Usul wa-l-Furu' (The Tendency to the Sciences of Usul and Fur'), ​​Qom, Imam Sadiq Foundation, 1425 AH.
    20. Isfahani, Muhammad Husayn; Commentary on al-Makasib, Vol. 1, Publisher: Muhaqqiq, 1419 AH.
    21. Khomeini al-Musawi, Sayyid Ruhollah; Kitab al-Bay', Vol. 1, Qom, Ismailian Foundation, 1410 AH.
    22. Shahid al-Awal, Muhammad ibn Makki; Sharia Lessons in Imami Jurisprudence, Qom, Modaresin University, 1417 AH.
    23. Tabataba'i Ha'iri, Sayyid Ali ibn Muhammad; Riyad al-Masa'il, Qom, Ahl al-Bayt Foundation, 1418 AH.
    24. Tabataba'i Yazdi, Sayyid Muhammad Kazim; Hashiyat al-Makasib, Vol. 1, Qom, Ismailian Foundation, 1421 AH.
    25. Tabataba'i, Sayyid Muhammad; Kitab al-Manahil, Qom, Ahl al-Bayt Foundation, Beta.
    26. Tabrizi, Mirza Jawad; Irshad al-Talib ila Ta'liq 'ala al-Makasib, Qom, Ismailian Foundation, 1412 AH.

    B) Persian sources

    1. Ahmadi Sajjadi, Seyyed Ali Ahmad, Comparison of Civil and Commercial Companies in Iranian Law, Journal of Qom Higher Educational Complex, No. 4, 1999.
    2. Alidoost, Abolghasem, Jurisprudence and Contract Law: General Quranic Arguments, Tehran, Islamic Culture and Thought Publications, 2018.
    3. Alidoost, Abolghasem, Jurisprudence and Custom, First Edition, Qom, Islamic Culture and Thought Research Institute Publications, 2006.
    4. Ameli, Seyyed Hassan, The Relationship between Contract and Condition, Ahlul Bayt Fiqh Journal, No. 62, Summer 2009.
    5. Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar, Dehkhoda Dictionary, Tehran, University of Tehran, 1998.
    6. Ebadi Abbas, Commercial Law, 26th Edition, Tehran: Ganj Danesh Publications, 2007.
    7. Ebadi, Mohammad Ali, Commercial Law, Tehran, Ganj Danesh, 2002.
    8. Emami, Seyyed Hassan, Civil Law, Vol. 1, Tehran, Islamia Bookstore, 14th edition, 1994.
    9. Hassan Sotoudeh Tehrani, Commercial Law, Vol. 2, 1, Tehran, Dadgostar, 1999.
    10. Heshmatollah Samavati, Review and Analysis of Legal Aspects of Limited Liability Companies, Tehran, Qognos 2011.
    11. Jafari Langroodi, Mohammad Jafar, Legal Terminology, Tehran, Ganj Danesh, 1993.
    12. Moeen, Mohammad, Moeen Culture, Tehran, Zarrin, 2007.
    13. Mohaghegh Damad, Seyyed Mustafa, General Theory of Terms and Obligations in Islamic Law (one volume), Tehran, Islamic Sciences Publishing Center, 2009.
    14. Mohaghegh Damad, Seyyed Mustafa, General Theory of Terms and Obligations in Islamic Law, Vol. 1, Tehran, Islamic Sciences Publishing Center, 2002.
    15. Mohaghegh Damad, Seyyed Mustafa, Rules of Jurisprudence (Civil Section), Tehran, Islamic Sciences Publishing Center, 2006.
    16. Samavati Heshmatollah, Commercial Contracts, Tehran: Jangal Publications, 2014.
    17. Saqri, Mohammad, Master of Commercial Law, Volume 1, 6th Edition, Tehran Joint Stock Publishing Company, 2009.
    18. Simaei Saraf, Implied Condition, Qom, Bostan Ketab, 2001.
    19. Skini, Rabia, Commercial Law, 3rd edition, Tehran: Majd Publications, 2015.

    C) Laws

    1. Amendment Bill, part of the Commercial Code, approved in 1347.
    2. Civil Code, approved in 1307 and 1313.
    3. Commercial Code, approved in 1313.
Masar Al_Qanun
دوره 1، شماره 3
آذر 1403
صفحه 13-1

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار